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A Weapons Epidemic

By Jodi Vittori

Despite increasing scrutiny, U.S. arms exports to the Middle East and North Africa could be headed toward an increase. American arms exports to the Middle East and North Africa are once again front and center in American politics. Read More

Foreign powers in Libya risk ever bloodier stalemate

By Angus McDowall, Orhan Coskun, and Ulf Laessing

As Turkish drones helped drive eastern Libyan forces back from Tripoli this month, Russia was said to be reinforcing them with warplanes, raising the stakes in a stalemated civil war that has partitioned the country. Read More

Libya: Moscow and Ankara redistribute the cards

The offensive of Marshal Khalifa Haftar, the strongman of eastern Libya, against Tripoli seems increasingly compromised after a series of setbacks and the withdrawal of hundreds of Russian mercenaries from the front lines south of the capital. Read More

Haftar and the Tribes

By Michael Young

In an interview, Alison Pargeter discusses the calculations of Libya’s tribes and their impact on the struggle for power. Read More

Libya: Into the EastMed arena

By Tarek Megerisi

Libya’s recent history shows how a region-wide confrontation can make matters worse for vulnerable states – in Libya’s case, exacerbating the problems it already had. In turn, the Libyan war has complicated the issue of gas exploitation around Cyprus. Read More

The Turkish Victory Dividend in Libya

By Jason Pack

Despite General Haftar’s contrarian bluster, the writing is now on the wall. His year-long campaign to take Tripoli has ended in abject failure. Will his victorious opponents, the Turks, extract their pound of flesh or will they step into the role of mature regional power? Read More

Challenges to Internationally Mediated Peace in Libya

Since Turkey escalated its military intervention in Libya in early 2020, the coalition of armed groups fighting on behalf of the Tripoli-based and UN-recognised Government of National Accord (GNA) have made considerable gains against Khalifa Haftar’s Libyan National Army (LNA). Read More

A weakened Haftar isn’t the end of Libya’s woes

By Jonathan Fenton-Harvey

Haftar may be on back foot, but for Libyans the struggle is far from over. When Libya’s UN-recognised government forces captured the key strategic airport and military base al-Watiya from Khalifa Haftar’s forces on Monday, the warlord received another blow to his ambitions to conquer the country, and is now increasingly on the backfoot. Read More

Battle of the alternates

By Tomas Avenarius and Paul-Anton Krüger

The civil war in Libya escalated. Now there could be a direct confrontation between Turkey and Russia and the Emirates. Read More